'Born to Run' is an Engaging Story on Endurance Running, Written with Passion
I finished reading Born to Run by Christopher
McDougall. Written over 15 years ago, it’s an examination of endurance running,
the Tarahumara Indian tribe and what it means about the science of running.
McDougall begins by following a mythical runner in Mexico who jogs across the
country, hermit like, for the sheer joy of it. This extreme athlete is named
Caballo Blanco (White Horse) and tells McDougall about his idea to bring the best
ultramarathon runners to the dangerous Copper Mountains for an exclusive race.
It’s an unofficial race in the some of the driest, rockiest terrain on earth.
What seems like a crazy idea, turns out to have momentum. Caballo convinced a
few of the top ultra marathon runners in the US (Scott Jurek, Ted McDonald, Billy
Bonehead and Jenn Shelton) to try his makeshift course.
Race in Mexico
Through a series of connections, they all agree to meet in
Mexico and run with Caballo and a handful of bashful Tarahumara. This 50 mile race
through the Cooper Mountains is the backdrop for a short history of the
Tarahumara indians and their inclusion in a notorious ultramarathon known as Leadville
in 1993. From that race, the author traces the seeds of barefoot running and
the science of how humans do it. Humans are the only mammals that can run and
breathe at the same time. Which in theory, means they can outrun prey over a
long distance. At least that’s where some of this research takes the reader.
Caballo is the central character whose mysterious life isn’t
revealed until the end. We only get drips and drabs of his past. Jenn and Billy
are hard partying surf bums, cocky and reckless, that discovered distance
running just a few years before. They’ve both stacked up a handful of wins in a
short time. Scott Jurek is a legend in ultra marathon running by this point, by
far the most recognizable name in the group. Ted McDonald, barefoot Ted, is an
eccentric who’s discovered the benefits of running with either flat shoes or no
shoes.
the author is himself a runner and joins the group for the
race in Mexico while recounting the once in a lifetime experience. The subtext
of the book is, are humans meant to run such long distances or is it damaging
to the body? The answer is yes, and no. Humans are meant to run if they do it
correctly. The damage is minimal when the technique is right.
In the spirit of proper form, Christopher McDougall begins working with a
trainer. Most of what he learned remains a fixture in long distance running today.
Take quick steps and shorten your stride, keep your heart rate low and burn fat
instead of sugar. The point of teaching your body to burn fat instead is that
it’s a more consistent source of energy. To get there, you need to stay below
your aerobic threshold or heavy breathing. As most runners can attest though, running
with a low heart rate is difficult.
Barefoot Trends
Another aspect of author Christopher McDougall’s training is
strengthening his feet. Flatter shoes, or huarache sandals like the Tarahumara
use, allow your feet to adapt to surfaces better than cushioned Nikes do. Between
the tribes and barefoot Ted, the book spends a good deal of time on the
benefits of running in sandals or shoeless. I remember there being a
barefoot jogging trend around the time this book came out. McDougall makes a solid
case for it. But shoe companies still put out ever more cushioning in their
latest models. I suspect it’s because most non-runners buy the majority of the
shoes anyway. How many ultra marathon runners do you know? It’s still a very
niche sport even among fitness enthusiasts. That doesn't translate to big sales.
McDougall also changed his diet and started eating more like a
Tarahumara indian. That meant a lot of “fruit, beans, yams, whole grains and
vegetables.” He started eating salads at breakfast and became a convert, partly
because you can stuff yourself and still have energy for a workout. He started doing
pushups and lunges instead of stretching. The increased strength worked to
sharpen his balance, and he began to become a better athlete and not just a
better runner.
I like his
description from page 212 and 213 on the improvement. “Because I was eating lighter
and hadn’t been laid up once by injury, I was able to run more; because I was
running more, I was sleeping great, feeling relaxed, and watching my resting
heart rate drop. My personality had even changed: The grouchiness and temper I’d
considered part of my Irish-Italian DNA had ebbed so much that my wife remarked
‘Hey, if this comes from ultrarunning I’ll tie your shoes for you.’ I knew
aerobic exercise was a powerful antidepressant, but I hadn’t realized it could
be so profoundly mood stabilizing and–I hate to use the word—meditative. If
you don’t have answers to your problems after a four-hour run, you ain’t getting
them.”
Conclusion
For all the foot racing history and anthropology this book covers, its
best feature is the enthusiasm of the author. Nothing gets people interested in
a hobby or lifestyle change the way an honest promoter can. I wasn’t sold on
the idea that our early ancestors used to run down prey until it dropped from exhaustion.
But Christopher McDougall, the journalist who found a story in the heart of the
Sierra Madres and improved his own fitness as a result? That’s the best story
of all. It inspires me.














